Individuals Feeling of Fairness and Personality Orientationin Consciousness of Class

本文按照“客观社会位置→公平感→态度倾向→阶级意识”这一思路探讨个体的公平感和态度倾向等心理因素在阶级阶层意识形成过程中的作用。在研究方法上,以聚类分析、因子分析等统计手段作为建立态度倾向等主观变量的工具,以多项逻辑斯蒂回归(multinomial logistic regression)模型验证变量之间的关系。研究结果表明,不公平感强的人在社会态度上容易出现“嫌富怜贫”等倾向,公平感等心理因素具有分解来自客观社会位置影响的作用,导致在客观社会位置的维度下,人们的阶级意识呈现“碎片化”特征；进而认为,阶级意识不是自发形成的。

This study is conducted with quantitative method following the logic: “objective social position→ feeling of fairness→personality orientation→consciousness of class”, focusing on how individual’s feeling of fairness and personality orientation affect class consciousness. Personality orientation is based on the factor analysis through cluster analysis, and the assumptions in this study are examined by the basic statistic model of the multinomial logistical regression. The statistic results indicate that the stronger the feeling of unfairness, the more easily to form the personality orientation “despising the rich and taking compassion on the poor”. The feeling of fairness can break down the influence from objective social position, thus, in the view of objective social position, consciousness of class has the trait of fragments. To conclude, class consciousness is not spontaneously formed. 

 翁定军

 上海高校社会学E-研究院(上海大学)建设计划项目;上海市重点学科建设项目(Y0104)资助;国家重点学科(社会学)重点规划项目成果之一;国家课题“构建和谐社会的社会心理研究”(课题编号06BSH040)的部分成果

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