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早期健康与阶层再生产

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英文标题:

Childhood Health and Social Class Reproduction

摘要: 在社会分层流动研究中,教育被认为是再生产和流动的一个重要中介机制,本文在此基础上强调早期健康在社会分层过程中的作用。利用清华大学2012年“城镇化与劳动力移民”调查数据,本文考察了14岁之前的营养卫生状况和早期健康对成年社会经济地位的影响,包括教育获得、初职ISEI和现职ISEI。结构方程模型分析表明,儿童青少年时期的营养摄入(是否挨饿、吃鱼肉等频率)、卫生状况(饮用水来源、厕所样式)对成人社会经济地位获得有显著影响,而且其效应在个体生命历程的不同阶段有所变化;早期健康指标(成人身高)对教育获得有显著影响,对初职和现职ISEI无显著效应。我们认为早期的健康投入是影响阶层再生产和流动的一个重要渠道,对贫困和底层家庭的健康干预有利于子代的教育获得和向上流动。
英文摘要:

In previous studies on social stratification and mobility, education is considered as the core mediatory mechanism in social reproduction and mobility. This paper, however, investigates how childhood health affects social stratification. Using data from Urbanization and Labor Migrant National Survey (2012), this study examines the effects of nutrition, hygiene, and health before age 14 on adult socioeconomic status, including education, first job ISEI, current job ISEI, and family income per head. The SEM results show that the nutrition intake (whether one experienced starvation and the frequency of fish and meat intake) and hygiene (indicated by the source of drinking water and the toilet type) have significant effect on adult socioeconomic status. However, the effects change at different life course stages. Moreover, childhood health (indicated by adult height) has significant impact on adult socioeconomic status attainment, but no significant impact on first job ISEI and current job ISEI. We conclude that investment in childhood health is an important mechanism affecting social class reproduction and mobility. Therefore, health intervention for children from poor and disadvantaged families are necessary. It will benefit children’s education and encourage upward mobility.

作者:

洪岩璧、刘精明

作者单位: 东南大学人文学院社会学系(洪岩璧);清华大学社会科学学院社会学系(刘精明)
期刊: 社会学研究
年.期:页码 2019.1:156-182
中图分类号:
文章编号:
关键词: 早期健康;早期营养卫生;身高;健康选择论;阶层再生产
英文关键词:
项目基金:

本文系教育部人文社会科学青年项目“教育影响城镇居民健康的中介机制研究”(15YJC840009)和国家社科青年基金“早期健康状况对阶层固化的影响机制及对策研究”(17CSH063)阶段性成果,得到江苏省“公民道德与社会风尚‘2011’协同创新中心”、“道德发展智库”支持。

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