中国城市社会中的单位组织,其实质是国家进行政治统治的“ 组织化”形式和工具 。它将政权的权力和财产的权力结合起来 ,依靠国家在行政权力和财产权力上的垄断地位 ,使得个人 服从和依赖于它 。中国社会 20 年来所发生的社会转型 ,虽然在一定程度上削弱了这种统治结构,个人对单位组织的依赖性越来越多地带有了交易性的特征, 但是 ,基本的统治结构没有根本改变 ,国家、单位组织和个人仍然存在着一个明显的单向依赖结构。本文所要讨论的是,单位成员对单位组织的满意度和相对剥夺感, 对他们在单位组织的依赖性具有什 么样的影响 ? 这种满意度和相对剥夺感又主要受什么样的因素影响? 对上述问题的回答 ,将有助于理解中国城市社会中单位组织内的关系与行为结构。

The current study explores issues concerning how work unit as a sy stem affects its member' s material well being and social behavior in the era of reform .It links this resource distribution process with the defining features of the work unit organization and the fundamentals of the social structure on the one hand , and with the feeling of dissatisfaction and relative deprivation on the other hand .It tries to test hy pothesis that the people' s feeling of dissatisfaction is directly related with their ownership situation of resources in the Danwei .The degree of relative deprivation depends on the deg ree of dissatisfaction , but not on the variable of resources .The degree of dissatisfaction could effect people' s dependent behavior in the Danw ei through the co ntrol variable of relative deprivation .The income g ap in the Danw ei will play more and more important role for the determination of people' s behavior in the Danwei .The authors of the current research maintain also that there is interlock of the state power over administration and resources distribution through work units . And this sy stem environment encourages the non-institutional behavior from the grass-root work units and work unit people in general.

李汉林,李路路

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