“Words-up-moving” :The new trend of China' s rural education since late 1990s

当前中国最显著的乡村教育现象莫过于20世纪90年代末以来由国家发动的大规模撤点并校布局调整和农村寄宿制学校建设工程所导致的大量村庄学校的急剧消失。本研究试图用"文字上移"这一概念来概括当前中国乡村教育的新趋势,通过对历史脉络的追溯、整体教育事实的分析以及两个县域个案的描述,本文认为,不能像时下国家政策文本及教育学、人口学、经济学等学科那样,单纯从人口因素或者"优化教育资源配置、改善办学条件"的角度解释当前中国乡村教育的基本事实。"文字上移"或"村落学校加速终结"的事实是在人口因素、城乡关系、规模效益以及政策驱动等多重因素的综合影响下发生的;而其根本原因应从中国乡村社会发展的整体进程中去探寻。文章最后提示了乡村教育新趋向可能导致的社会学后果。 

The most significant phenomenon of China' s rural education is the rapid disappearance of village schools caused by the state policy of distribution adjustment and construction of boarding schools since late 1990s.This study attempts to use the concept of “words-up-moving” to summarize the new trend of China' s rural education.Through historical retrospection , this paper argues that the factors of population decline and the “optimization of educational resources to improve teaching conditions” are not enough to explain the basic rural education fact as the current national policy text , pedagogy ,demography , economics and other disciplines advocate.The fact of “words-up-moving” or “ the rapid disappearance of village schools ” is the combined effects of multiple factors such as population decline , urban-rural relationship , scale effect , policy-driven, etc;and its cause should be the overall transition of China' s rural and social development.The article also indicates the possible sociological consequences of this new trend of rural education .

熊春文

国家社会科学基金(青年项目)“教育发展与社会公平研究”(批准号08CSH001)的资助,是该项目的成果之一;中国农业大学人文与发展学院“中国乡村社会状况调查”项目的支持

欢迎阅读《社会学研究》！您是该文第3711位读者！