![](/Areas/202005130001/Content/ZHYJY/img/niu1.png)
![](/Areas/202005130001/Content/ZHYJY/img/niu2.png)
![](/Areas/202005130001/Content/ZHYJY/img/niu3.png)
![](/Areas/202005130001/Content/ZHYJY/img/niu4.png)
英文标题: | Rebuilding Government for the 21st Century :Can China incrementally reform the public sector ? |
摘要: | 在过去的30年里,中国极其成功地实现了向市场经济的转轨,然而,政府也面临着艰巨的挑战。建立一个有效率和可信赖的政府,改进公共部门的表现乃是中国在21世纪实现顺利发展的关键组成部分。本文集中对中国公共部门改革的前景进行分析,强调指出现有的、薄弱的治理能力、监管失败及不平等扩大等问题,其根源可以追溯到政府在1980-1990年代的退缩,以及采取渐进式的改革道路。特别是,权力的移交和监督的放松导致政府机构和事业单位的激励机制出现了严重扭曲。政府目前推动经济和社会变革的能力在如下几方面受到了限制:(1)地区之间在经济发展和人力资本方面的巨大差异;(2)被破坏的政府间财政体制难以保证全国性的政策实施;(3)问责机制由于长时期的财政资源匮乏而被严重削弱,不能使地方政府和事业单位对最终结果承担责任;(4)信息收集系统非常薄弱;(5)官僚机构的膨胀、授权的分散使得政策和资源的传递过于复杂,难以获得保证。最主要的一点是,在各类行政机构中,创收动机主导了政策制定,使政府裹足不前。 |
英文摘要: | This paper examines the prospects of public sector reform and argues that more incremental reform will not work .As budgetary resources dwindled, and with government unwilling to cut departments, employees, or services , the solution was to allow government agencies and service providers to levy user charges and use their assets to generate nonbudgetary incomes.These concessions gave birth to the revenue-seeking orientation of the public sector and sowed the seeds of current problems of inequality and weak governance .Since 2000, the government has implemented numerous programs of public sector reform, which have brought improvements and made government more transparent.The recent programs of free rural education, rural cooperative medical schemes, minimum living stipends, are transferring substantial new resources to funding services at the grassroots levels and improving fairness.However , until the incentive structure for government agencies and public institutions is fundamentally altered, this topdown reform of the public sector can only have limited effect. |
作者: | 黄佩华 |
作者单位: | 牛津大学; 湖北经济学院 |
期刊: | 社会学研究 |
年.期:页码 | 2009.2:39-60 |
中图分类号: | D630 |
文章编号: | |
关键词: | 渐进式改革; 分税制; 公共部门; 激励机制 |
英文关键词: | |
项目基金: | |
欢迎阅读《社会学研究》!您是该文第2028位读者! |