Reflections on Researches on China's “Development” and “Development Intervention"

从人类学视角回顾和评述中国的发展干预及相关研究,可围绕着三条脉络:首先,在最近30年的发展主义展现过程中,国家的发展大计从一开始就是一个主要背景,可以说,在实践的很多场域中难以区分国家与非国家(或社会)的联结点；其次,国际性发展产业的介入和由此催生的自下而上的发展干预活动是发展干预研究的另一条重要脉络；第三,在上述两条脉络交错下还凸现出关于发展的人类学理论探索和争论,这条线索可以概括为:从进化式发展到多样现代化,再到后发展。在中国向“发展援助输出国”转变的时刻,重新理解中国的发展干预之路具有重要的理论和实践意义,这涉及到对过去30年中国的工业化/现代化特征的重新认识。关于发展干预的人类学讨论应该从对中国的现代化/工业化的“独特性”深入理解开始。

The article reviews and comments on China's development intervention and related researches from an anthropological perspective. It revolves around three threads: (1) in the process of elaboration of doctrines of development over the past 30 245 years，the state's development plan was a major background from the start，and in many fields of practice，it was difficult to locate the connection points between state and non-state ( or society); (2) the involvement of the international development industry and the bottom-up development interventions that this engendered was another important background to researches in development intervention; (3) theoretical exploration and debate in development anthropology emerged in the intersection of the above two contexts. This thread can be summarized as follows: from evolution-type development，to a variety of modernization，and on to post-development. At this point in time，rethinking China's road of development intervention has major theoretical and practical significance， which involves reinterpreting the features of China's industrialization /modernization over the past 30 years. Anthropological discussion of development intervention should take the in-depth understanding of the “uniqueness” of China's modernization /industrialization as its starting point. 

 朱晓阳； 谭颖；

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