"The Withdraw of Villages" during Urbanization and The Practical Logic of the "Administrative Polity"

在快速的城市化过程中,“撤并村庄”成为一种潮流和普遍现象,近十几年的村庄变动,比过去上千年的村庄变动还要剧烈,并由此引发了各种社会冲突。究竟怎样看待和认识这一过程?本文提出了“行政社会”的假设,并通过对一个撤并社区A案例的深入解剖,揭示了行政社会的实践逻辑。研究表明,行政社会是通过两个逻辑呈现出来的:一个是行政的主动逻辑,其动力在于追求经济发展和财政扩张以及外部制约薄弱下的“万能型”能力；另一个是居民的无奈诉求以及困境的行政归咎,即将生活困境全部归咎于政府以及对政府帮助解决困境的不断诉求。行政社会的实践逻辑导致强政府弱社会和政府承担无限责任。据此,本文提出了走出行政社会困境的基本路径:用行政资源培育社会自组织能力,以社会组织力量来制约行政行为,形成良性的行政与社会自组织相互合作与制约的制度和行动体系,这才是社会建设的最终目的。

In the process of rapid urbanization, "the withdraw of villages" has become a trend and a popular phenomenon. The changes of villages in the last decades are more dramatic than in the past thousands of years and have triggered a variety of social conflicts. How can we assess this process? This paper proposes a hypothesis of "administrative polity"   in order to reveal the social logic of administrative polity through the analysis and anatomy of a case of the withdraw of villages. Our studies show that the administrative polity is illustrated by two kinds of logic-, one is the active logic-the power lies in the pursuit of economic development, fiscal expansion, and weak external constraints under the "omnipotent” administrative capacity; the other is blamed for the helpless plight of the residents' appeal- the residents always blame the government for their hardships and constantly demand the government to help them out. The social logic of administrative polity leads to strong government, weak society and the government's unlimited liability. Accordingly, [his paper proposes the basic path to get out of the rough situation of administrative polity: the administrative resources are used in cultivating the social self-organizing powers, and administrative action is restricted by social organizations, then a healthy mutual cooperation and restraint system between government and social self-organizations is created. This is the ultimate goal of social construction.

王春光

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