医院民族志兴起于二十世纪中叶。在过去的二十余年，它逐渐走出对医院封闭性和内生性的设定，迈向对医院复杂性、多样性和社会嵌入性的追寻。医院不仅为思考人类的脆弱性和生命、意义、权力、结构等概念提供了现实的空间，也为认识医院所在国家与地区的社会文化打开了一扇窗。本文从理论和方法两个维度对医院民族志的基本框架进行述评，在此基础上讨论其本土探索的特点和方向，以引导更多既能遵守学术伦理又能提供敏锐洞察力的医院民族志作品出现，也为在其他机构开展民族志研究提供参考。

Hospital ethnography emerged in the middle of the 20th century. In the past two decades, it has gradually moved away from the closed and endogenous setting of hospitals to the pursuit of the complexity, diversity and social embeddedness of hospitals. Hospitals not only provide a realistic space for thinking about human vulnerability and concepts such as life, meaning, power, and structure, but also open a window into the social culture of the countries and regions in which they are located. This paper reviews the basic framework of hospital ethnography from both theoretical and methodological dimensions, and then discusses the characteristics and directions of indigenous exploration. By doing so, it leads to the emergence of more hospital ethnography works that can not only comply with academic ethics but also provide keen insights, and serve as a reference for ethnography research in other institutions.

本研究是教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“抗击新冠疫情口述资料的采集、整理与研究”（22JJD840014）的阶段性成果。

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