相对贫困理论与绝对贫困理论经过激烈的争论，开始走向和解。相对贫困研究的最新趋势是走向“双向运动”,一方面持续拓展社会视角的维度，另一方面也将“基本生活需要”纳入分析范畴。“双向运动”影响了相对贫困理论的视角和指标，形成了低线和高线两种类型的相对贫困界定。中国的相对贫困治理积累了一些地方经验，但是由于缺乏社会视角而延续了绝对贫困的治理思路。构建中国相对贫困治理的长效机制，需要综合考虑相对贫困的维度和社会政策的取向。?

Absolute poverty theory and relative poverty theory have reached reconciliation after a long debate. Relative poverty research is now experiencing “double movements”. On the one hand, it continues to build from the dimension of social perspective; on the other hand, it starts to involve the concept of “basic living needs” from a physiological perspective. The double movements affect both the approach and indicators of relative poverty theory and define relative poverty in two different ways, i.e., low-line relative poverty and high-line relative poverty. There has been local experiences of relative poverty governance in certain areas of China. However, lacking a social perspective, absolute poverty governance still dominates. To establish a long-term systematic mechanism for relative poverty governance in China, we need to take into account the dimension of relative poverty and relevant social policies.

本文是国家社会科学基金项目“‘社会政策时代’的中国福利体制属性及其发展趋势研究”（16BSH134）和教育部基地重大课题“社会政策创新与共享发展”（16JJD630011）的阶段性成果。

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