人类学研究文明社会，不能忽视文献的价值。由田野当地村民创作的文本代表了时人的心声，更应得到重视。《禄村农田》中的圣谕坛是个以谈经、宣讲和阐书为己任的宗教组织，费孝通几次提及这群企图以谈演洞经来消弭日机“炸劫”的绅士，并将他们的生活归结为“消遣经济”。本研究借助坛中民国年间“降下”的鸾书、实地考察和民族志资料来复原禄村玄灵坛的面貌，聆听这一教派关于现代理性和传统道德两方面的声音，以求在经典民族志之外形成一种“复调的民族志”。费孝通对待圣谕坛的态度明显受到韦伯的影响，假如跳出韦伯式的思路，我们会发现民间宗教本身就代表了另一种文明的进程，折射出中国社会演变的长期趋势。

Anthropologists should not underestimate the importance of literature when they study civilized societies, especially those composed by the villagers under study. In Luts’un: A Community of Petty Landowners, Fei Xiaotong summarized the Sacred Oracle Altar (SOA) and their “ridiculous” religious activities. They entertained gods by instrumental performance and chanting scriptures, hoping to be acquitted from the bombing of Japanese invaders. Fei described these activities as the “leisure economy”. However, according to subsequent fieldwork and from the perspective of Chinese folk religions, SOA was a mission-driven denomination and had devoted itself to religious salvation movement since late Qing dynasty. SOA in Luts’un created many morality manuscripts by spirit-writing almost at the same time as Fei was conducting his ethnography. By restoring SOAs voice, we juxtapose both kinds of texts about Luts’un as part of a “polyphonic ethnography”.SOA in Luts’un embodied another process of civilization in China.

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