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论机制解释在社会学中的地位及其局限

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英文标题:

On the Importance and Limitations of Mechanism-based Explanation

摘要: 本文分析了社会学家对机制概念常见的误解、社会机制的关键性质和基本类型,阐明了机制解释的主要弱点。这些弱点包括机制与宏观结构之间的紧张、结构/机制解释与行动者解释之间的紧张、归纳性机制分析与演绎性机制分析之间的紧张,以及机制解释不得不面对的过度决定和重要性多变两个难点。本文旨在帮助读者准确地掌握机制概念,更好地运用机制解释,最终建立起基于机制解释同时又超越机制解释的“中国学派”。
英文摘要:

This article deals with common misunderstandings of social mechanism as a concept, discusses the basic types and characteristics of social mechanisms, and analyzes major weaknesses of mechanism-based explanation in social sciences. These weaknesses include: tensions between mechanism-based explanation and macro-structural explanation, tensions between structure/mechanismbased explanation and actor-based explanation,  tensions between inductive mechanism-based analysis and deductive mechanism-based analysis, and two hermeneutic hurdles of the mechanism-based explanation, that is, over-determination and changing importance of social mechanisms. This article aims to help readers to better master the mechanism concept, better execute a mechanism-based explanation, and finally to foster the development of a sociological paradigm that is based on, but at the same time transcends, the mechanism-based explanation.

作者:

赵鼎新

作者单位: 浙江大学社会学系、芝加哥大学社会学系
期刊: 社会学研究
年.期:页码 2020.2:1-24
中图分类号:
文章编号:
关键词: 机制;法则;特殊机制;涌现机制;正反馈机制
英文关键词:
项目基金:

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