Cultural Reproduction or Cultural Mobility？——A Study on the Inequality of College Students’ Educational Achievements in China

本文利用“首都大学生成长追踪调查数据”详细考察了家庭阶层背景对大学生教育成就获得的影响。统计分析结果显示，精英阶层子女更可能成为学生干部，英语能力也更高，但学业成绩更差。之所以如此，一方面是因为他们没有投入足够时间与精力，另一方面则是因为文化资本的作用是有条件的，只有在考核与评价体系主观化、非标准化的情况下有效。此外，文化资本在其他资源的配合下能够发挥更大作用，故而精英阶层子女更受益于文化资本，这一结果与文化再生产理论相吻合。

Using data from the Beijing College Students Panel Survey (BCSPS), this paper examines class differences in China’s college students’ educational achievements. The results show that the elite families’ offspring are more likely to become student cadres and have better language ability. However, they attain lower academic scores. This is because the cultural reproduction mechanism is hugely weakened in the standardized system and students from the lower class are able to obtain good academic scores with their own effort. Compared with academic achievement, standards for electing student cadres are more open and subjective, and social origin plays an important role. Furthermore, students from the elite-class families benefit from their cultural capital much more than their counterparts from the lower class families. This result supports the cultural reproduction theory.

朱斌

本文系中国人民大学科学研究基金（中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助）项目“当代中国教育分层研究”（17XNF028）的成果。

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