Precise Poverty Alleviation and Grassroots Governance Rationality: The Deconstruction of the Poverty Alleviation Project Establishment of County D in Province A

本文以一个县级扶贫项目库建设的案例为基础，构建了科层理性和关系理性的分析框架，剖析了项目制“打包”和“发包”过程中基层政府的行为逻辑。研究发现，基层实践既遵从非人格化的科层理性，也遵循差序原则的价值型关系理性和趋利避害的工具型关系理性。基层政府的项目制实践在科层理性主导下遵守规章制度，在两种理性共同作用下变通执行，在价值型关系理性主导下异化了项目用途。基层政府理性权衡的准则是价值型关系理性优先于科层理性，科层理性优先于工具型关系理性。本文为项目制和精准扶贫的后续研究提供了理论借鉴和经验素材，有利于优化项目制在公共政策中所发挥的积极作用。

 This paper constructs an analytic framework of bureaucratic rationality and relational rationality to analyze the logic of grassroots government behavior in the process of “contracting out” and “packing” of the project system based on a case of county poverty alleviation project. It finds that grassroots practice follows the logic of the impersonal bureaucratic rationality and the value of relational rationality. The grassroots government project system practice obeys the rules and regulations under the bureaucratic rationality，transforming project under the combined action of bureaucratic and relational rationality and dissimilating project when the value relational rationality plays the leading role. The rule of grassroots government rationality shows that the value relational rationality takes precedence over bureaucratic rationality， and bureaucratic rationality takes precedence over the instrumental relationship. This paper provides theoretical reference and empirical material for follow-up studies of project system and precise poverty alleviation，and extends the application of relational theory in grassroots governance research. It also helps to further clarify the basic logic of targeted poverty alleviation project implementation， and helps the project system to play a more positive role in public policy.

殷浩栋、汪三贵、郭子豪

本研究是国家社科基金重大项目“实施精准扶贫、精准脱贫的机制与政策研究”（15ZDC026）的阶段性成果。

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