Welfare Governance，Policy Implementation and Social Policy Targeting： An Investigation of the Rural Minimum Living Standards Guarantee Scheme in Village N

学界对于社会政策目标定位偏差的解释形成了技术视角、体制视角、利益视角和环境视角等研究角度。本文立足环境视角并借鉴其他视角的相关成果，通过对N村农村低保实施过程的深度考察，运用福利治理的分析框架，阐释了中国转型期乡土社会农村低保的运作过程，揭示了政策目标定位偏差发生的逻辑。研究发现，基层福利治理是导致农村低保目标定位偏差的深层原因，治理理念、治理目标、治理关系与治理过程构成的基层福利治理结构与机制导致了“上有政策，下有对策”的政策变通。进而，本研究探讨了基层福利治理与所嵌入的乡土社会环境的关系，揭示了受后者约制的乡土福利治理的特征。

Given the deficiencies of explaining targeting deviation in social policy in the current academia， this paper puts forward the framework of welfare governance on the basis of the environmental perspective and other perspectives to investigate the implementation process of the Minimum Living Standards Guarantee Scheme in village N. This paper explains the operation process and mechanism of the scheme when entering into the local field， and reveals the logic for the occurrence of social policy targeting deviation. It finds that the grassroots welfare governance is the underlying cause of rural targeting deviation. It leads to policy deformation，i.e.，the so-called “where there is a measure， there is a countermeasure”. The paper further discusses the relationship between grassroots welfare governance and the embedded local social environment， and reveals the characteristics of the local welfare governance.

李迎生、李泉然、袁小平

本文系国家社科基金重点项目“适应经济新常态的本土发展型社会福利理论与制度建设研究”（16ASH015）及中国人民大学“统筹推进世界一流大学和一流学科建设”专项经费重大项目“社会政策促进社会公平、增进人民福祉的理论与应用研究”（15XNL006）的阶段性成果。

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