Housing and the Class Identity of Urban Residents: A Study Based on Data from Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou

本文基于财富分层的视角，研究了作为财富重要标志的住房与城市居民阶层认同问题。通过实证研究发现，北上广三地居民的住房分层现象较为明显。以“住房品质”和“符号区隔”为代表的住房因素与阶层认同之间存在着显著相关性，而经过多重填补法对数据资料进行处理后，其结果进一步确认了住房对于解释居民阶层认同的关键作用。文章指出，在当前中国城市社会中，与传统基于职业的阶层认同相区别，以住房为代表的基于财富的阶层认同正在逐步形成。从住房入手可以为阶层认同研究提供新的分析和解释框架。

This paper studies the issue of housing, an important symbol of wealth, and the class identity of urban residents. We find that the residents’ housing stratification is prominent in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. There is a significant correlation between factors of housing, i.e., the “housing quality” and “symbol distinction”, and class identity. After processing data by multiple imputations, the result confirms that housing plays a key role in explaining residents class identity. The article points out that in the current Chinese society, different from the traditional occupation-based class identification, the class identification of wealth is increasingly based on housing. In the study of class identification, the perspective of housing can provide a new framework of analysis.

张海东、杨城晨

本文是国家社会科学基金重点项目“新社会阶层的社会流动与政治态度研究”（17ASH004）的阶段性成果

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