On the International Codification of China’s Local Knowledge

中国经验的国际表达要求实现本土知识的国际概念化。本土知识是关于特定地域、特定时间、具有特定文化内涵、在特定社会结构约束条件下发生的人类实践活动的经验知识。本土知识分为相对容易测量、可以实证的本土知识以及相对较难测量、未知能否实证的本土知识，而后者包括意会知识，对意会知识的研究是最具挑战的方面，也是社会学研究的一个薄弱点。社会学本土知识通过概念化才能变为社会学理论知识，而根据学术目标的不同，理论抽象的层次可以是地方性的，也可以是全国性，还可以是国际性的。从跨文化的视角来看，本土知识的国际概念化可以采取“接受-丰富-增加”的研究策略来实现，即：接受已有概念、丰富其理论内涵、增加其变量的文化差异性。“关系社会资本”的概念框架便是遵循这一研究策略的一个范例，它采用根植于中国文化的本土概念“关系”，丰富了国际学界已有概念“社会资本”。

At a time of China’s rise in the world, the international codification of China’s local knowledge is an important research task to be carried out by Chinese sociologists. Local knowledge is Clifford Geertz’s concept, referring to the knowledge that is confined to a specific location at a specific time within a specific culture. Its two basic forms include the explicit, measurable knowledge and the tacit, hard-to-measure knowledge, and the latter form is challenging and the study of it is a weakness of Chinese sociology today. Local knowledge must be codified before becoming theoretical knowledge, but the level of theoretical abstraction can be regional, national, or international. In a cross-cultural approach, the tasks to codify local knowledge in order to include it in international discourses can be carried out by following a “term acceptance, meaning enrichment, and variation enlargement” strategy, and such a strategy has been used to guide the international codification of one of Chinese culture-specific term guanxi into the theoretical concept of network social capital.

边燕杰

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