Diversified Relationship between the Transforming State and Business Associations: An organizational analysis

当前有关社会组织的研究中，缺少对于组织内部特征及其组织行动之塑造作用的分析。本文认为，除了强势国家的支配，组织自身凝聚和表达社会利益的能力同样塑造了国家与行业协会的关系。基于案例研究，本文提出一个结合组织“自主性”和“凝聚力”的二维框架，解释了政府与行业协会关系的四种类型，即合作型、对抗型、支配型和工具型。其贡献在于： 1.带回组织维度的分析，突破了单一维度上国家与社会的强弱对比分析； 2.提示应修正对于政会关系的“非抗争性”认知，行会亦可能构成集体抗争的基础； 3.揭示了当前中国政商关系的分化，挑战了合作主义或庇护主义视角的广泛适用性。

This article argues that the relationship between the state and business association is shaped by both state domination and the organizational capacity of consolidating and pursing social interests. Based on case studies, this article proposes a two-dimensional framework combining the concept of “autonomy” and “cohesion”, and constructs a typology of government-association relationship including cooperation, confrontation, state domination, and instrumentality. This article transcends the “strong state vs. weak society” framework by bringing in the organizational analysis. It modifies the non-confrontational characterization of government-association relationship by introducing the confrontation type. Moreover, it highlights the differentiation of state-business relationship in China and challenges the domination of cooperative and clientelistic perspective.

纪莺莺

本文受到南京大学“中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金”（2062014280）资助。

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