中国在21世纪面临来自国内外各方面的严峻挑战，族际通婚研究有助于认清我国族群关系的整体发展态势。本文通过对国家统计局和国家民委提供的数据的比较分析，力求认识中国近20年来族际交往交流交融的基本模式和族际通婚的演变趋势。本文研究结果表明，在我国各个族群中，教育水平（高中以上毕业比例）对族际通婚的正面影响最为显著；非农职业比例高的族群族际通婚率较低；聚居在本族自治地方的人口比例越高，与他族成员通婚的机会也越小；使用国家通用语言越不普遍，与他族成员的交往和通婚的机会也越低。

Intermarriage is a key field in ethnic relations study.A high level of intermarriage only occurs in a multi-ethnic society, where the political system, economic structure, laws, and cultural environment allow young people with different ethnic background to mingle with each other.This is why the intermarriage rate can be used to measure the degree of interaction among different ethnic groups.It is the most reliable indication for the trend of the long-term ethnic relations.Due to the lack of relevant data in official statistics, there are limited studies focusing on intermarriage at the macro-level.Based on the 1990, 2000, and 2010 census data and the special volume on ethnicity edited by the State Commission of Ethnic Affairs, this paper tries to figure out the basic trend of the ethnic intermarriages in China in the past three decades.It discusses some basic characteristics of intermarriages among different ethnicities.To strengthen national unity, ethnic solidarity, and improve the relationship among the ethnic groups is the major challenge faced by China in the 21st century.The study of intermarriage by sociological and demographic approaches may help understand the basic trend of intermarriages in today’s China.

菅志翔

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