“新经济社会学”学派一直强调个人的经 济行动 ——包括就业和求职活动——都是“嵌入”于社会关系网络之中的, 因此在研究就业 问题时不应忽略社会网络的作用。自从格拉诺维特创造性地研究了个人社会网络关系 ,特别是弱关系对求职结果的影响之后, 社会网络与求职过程的关系成为许多研究者关注的领域, 并产生了大量相关的文献。但迄今为止的研究大都集中于个人在求职过程中实际使用的网络关系对求职结果的作用,至少有 两个值得研究的问题被忽略了:第一,个人所拥有的社会网络关系在求职过程中也扮演着重要的角 色;第二, 在求职者获得一份工作之前, 可能经历了漫长的寻找过程 ,而这一过程却未引起研究者的足够重视。在本研究中 ,笔者将根据经验社会调查所得数据对中国下岗职工再就业的求职过程进行深入研究, 着重分析下岗职工所拥有的社会关系网络情况对其求职过程中“保留工资”(reservation wage)设定的影响,并就以上两个被忽略的问题展开进一步讨论。

The relationship between social network and employment is a classical research area of the New Economic Sociology .However, up to now , most empirical studies in this area merely focus on the network ties actually used and the result of job search .This research endeavors to broaden the scope of relevant studies by studying the relationship between the personal network and the reservation wage of Chinese laid-off workers .By analyzing the empirical data , this research shows that one of the most important channels for the laid-off workers to get information from the labor market is through their personal network , or, more precisely , through the weak ties in their network .The weak ties function mainly as providing better information rather than providing more influential or substantial help . Moreover, the impact of institutional background is also studied in this research .We find that the importance of social network in job searching is weakening with the construction of Chinese labor market , while the formal institutional factors like human capital are showing more and more prominent effects in this process .

赵延东；

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