本文的标题涉及三组基本论题 ,这些论题在社会科学家中仍然争论不休 ,更不用说在一般公民中了。其中两组论题是概念或理论的,另一组既是概念的 ,也是经验的。首先 ,全球化是什么 ? 应当如何对它进行理论概括 ? 其次, 可以区分出什么类型的不平等 ? 什么不平等是关键的 ? 在不平等的产生中涉及什么样的基 本社会进程? 第三也是最重要的, 我们正在观察与经历的全球不平等的后果应当如何解释? 什么力量与进程应当为它们负责? 这三个问题中没有一个有直接答案 ,虽然人们期望获得这样的答案。本文目标是:澄清可能的答案 及其意义, 论证某种概念 —分析观点 ,为一种有关世界不平等产生的多面解释提供经验证据。全球化与不平等是社会科学与社会哲学的两个十字路口。本文作者以社会学家和政治科学家的背景来处理它们。

The conceptual part of the paper specifies globalization into global processes, of the enduring weight of global history , of global flows of goods and services, of capital , of people , and of information and ideas, and , finally , of global entanglements of national and global institutions and organizations .Together with national processes this set of processes make up an explanatory model of global outcomes of inequality .Inequality is specified into three kinds, vital , existential , and resource inequality , and four basic mechanisms of inequality are identified , distanciation , exclusion , super subordination , and exploitation .The explanatory model is then applied to long-term developments of vital and economic inequality in the world .The former , as measured by infant mortality and life expectancy , has decreased substantially in the second half of 20 th century , whereas income inequality has widened .Global flows of medical knowledge seem to have played a crucial role in reducing vital inequality .The weight of global history , measured by GDP per capita in 1820 and in 1900 , and national processes of political economy appear to account for most of today' s global resource inequality .

格兰·瑟本,覃方明,王楠

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