一般认为,正是在与马克思的关系上 ,曼海姆的知识社会学与舍勒的知识社会学区别开来 ,形成了知识社会学不可相互化约、又相得益彰的两套经典传统。但实际上 ,在曼海姆的知识社会学代表作《意识形态与乌托邦》当中 ,我们也可以随处看到他与韦伯思想的关联, 尤其是在对知识分子问题、知识社会学认识论 、方法论等问题的论述上 ,曼海姆几乎就是接续着韦伯的命题在往下言说。另外 ,考虑到他的精神导师卢卡奇本人就曾在一段时间内与韦伯过往甚密, 曼海姆对韦伯思想的接续可以说不是什么奇怪的事情, 从这个意义上说 ,透过曼海姆的 纷杂的思想论述 ,缕清他与韦伯思想的关联 ,是一个值得学人注意和努力的方向 。本文拟从几个方面出发 ,对曼海姆与韦伯观点的关联 ,进行一定的梳理,望能达到抛砖引玉之功效 。

This article discusses the relationship between Mannheim' s thought and Weber' s one in three aspects :(1)diagnosis of their time ;(2)the Mannheim' s epistemological predicament and its connection with Weber' s thought ;(3)the methodological problem .As Wolff argues that , most of Mannheim' s work (not only that explicitly devoted to the sociology of knowledge)could be characterized as a ”diagnosis of our time” .It was just on thistopic where Mannheim followed Weber' s proposition —— “gods complete in every fields of society” , and extended the tension of Weber' s judgment in many theoretical aspects such as ideology and utopia , the science of politics, the problem of intelligentsia , the types of knowledge and the styles of instruction ,etc.In this sense , the attention to the connection of Mannheim and Weber gets its significance not only in the field of thoughts history or academic history , but also on the sociological masters' inspiration to grasp the problems of our time.

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