消除贫穷是政府与地方民众的共同意愿 ,问题是扶贫策略的制定应考虑什么? 在推行扶贫措施的过程中,地方民众有什么得益 ,要付出什么? 这些“付出”与“得益”谁去权衡? 当地人有无选择的余地? 当然更根本的、不得不面对的问题是:究竟我们要“扶”的是什么 ? 如果我们肯定扶贫对象是扶贫过程的主体的话 ,就要弄清楚他们的处境 、想法 、考虑等, 否则非但他们参与扶贫过程的动机不能提高, 而且还会造成政府与地方民众的关系紧张。无可否认,地方民众的参与是促成扶贫效果能否持续的最重要保 证,所以, 探讨他们复杂的心理是研究的必要起点 。本文通过在云南省东北山区村落两年来搜集整理的口述资料和笔者下去调查时对于乡干部“扶贫”工作的所见所闻 ,收集了地方民众的声音,希望对反思扶贫策略有所帮助。

This ethnographic story is an account of what we heard and experienced during the fieldwork in 2001 in a Zhuang village in the mountainous region of southwest China.It aims to decipher the formation of local economy in the post-reform China through focusing on the state economic intervention and villagers'negotiation, accommodation and resistance in shaping the local economic development .We also intends to argue that most current development projects by the local government under the influences of developmentalism , are not able to meet the needs of local community ;but cause the re-emergence of rural poverty .

古学斌,张和清,杨锡聪

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