社会学中存在着不同学派、范式和发展策略之间的相互竞争、论战 、甚至隔阂和对抗,但这一学科也有着共有的话语场域、共同关注的论题、共享性的概念、理论和方法体系 。这是一种复杂的学科品性:它是论战与共识 、自由发挥与兼容共存、多重体系与共同遗产的结合。这一品性之中必然有社会学成为一门学科的基点, 这需要我们从中剥离出最具共性的意涵和实质性的内容。 在我们看来 ,在一定意义上可以说 ,全部社会学理论都是以不同的形式 、从不同的侧面、直接或间接 地对个人与社会的关系这一问题的反映 、陈述或阐释。对于作为知识系统的社会学理论来说, 个人与社会关系问题具有极为重要的意义 ,它是社会学理论研究的核心和理论构建的基础 ,社会学的主题 、设 问形式、话语、概念、范式 、理论框架 ,都与这个问题密切相关 。不仅如此,这一问题还伸展出社会学理论的方法,导源了理论方法的分裂状况,从而也是当代社会学反思和重建的源头。

After an introduction to the core of theoretical study of sociology , the foundation of theoretical construction and the tradition as well as the split of theoretical methodology , the article , based upon the research on the empirical facts of the relationship between modern individuals and society , makes an exploration of the significance concerning sociological theory and its methodology , and launches an analysis about the position of the issue in regard to the relationship between individuals and society in sociological knowledge system .It points out that this issue not only accounts for the historical origination of sociological theoretical tradition but also implies the future orientation of contemporary sociological theory , explaining that the further pursuit of the issue is of great realistic importance in creating new theories and wider thinking scope for contemporary Chinese sociology .

郑杭生,杨敏

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