Village Democracy and Its Determinants:Empirical evidence from 400 villages

村庄基层民主在中国的发展已经近30年,在对这一领域的诸多讨论中,有一个问题仍未得到令人满意的回答:村庄民主在不同地区之间的差异,其背后的影响因素是什么?本文试图使用一个全国性的大样本来定量化地考察各方面因素对村庄民主的影响。本文不仅讨论经济因素,同时也将组织因素与政治因素纳入模型进行定量分析。实证结果显示:(1)从经济因素来看,人均村民收入并不会影响村庄民主;而人均集体收入却呈现一个显著的曲线效果;本地非农经济的发展会促进村庄民主。(2)中国乡土社会的本土性组织资源对于村庄民主的发展具有不可忽略的重要作用:宗族组织的存在会有效地促进村庄民主的发展;村民之间互助程度高的村庄社区也有利于村庄民主。(3)政治因素对村庄民主的效果在本文并未得到证明。

Thirty years past after the implementation of village democracy , but there is still a critical puzzle:what are the determinants of village democracy in China ? Using a representatively nation-wide sample , this paper aims to explore the determinants of grassroots democracy in rural China, including economic factors, institutional factors and political factors.The empirical results of this paper prove:(1)economic factors are important determinants of village democracy.(2) Local institution, especially the existence of lineage organization, has an essential effect on the development of grassroots democracy.A harmonious community is also helpful .(3)The effect of political factor is not proved in this paper.

孙秀林

香港特区政府大学研究资助局(CA03/04.HSS01)的资助

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