The Possibility and Prospect of Regional Sociology: Centered on the study of “overcrowding-undercrowding” issue of urban and rural areas of postwar Japan

20世纪60年代以降,以战后都市过密化和乡村过疏化为背景,日本兴起了以研究地域社会结构、集团构成以及人类行动为主要内容的地域社会学。地域社会学试图超越农村社会学和城市社会学的界限,以城市化背景下“生活社会化”为基本理论前提,以乡村过疏化为研究重点,围绕着“地域生活”、“地域组织团体”、“地域格差”、“地域政策”、“新公共性构建”等问题展开研究,建立起“结构分析”的学科分析范式。地域社会学通过对城乡过密—过疏进程的研究,将城乡关系问题作为空间转换的核心内容,体现了其对人类社会由传统到现代转变的特别关注。在拓展社会学学科研究界限的同时,也为其走向政策应用化发挥了重要作用。

Since the 1960s，under the background of Japan's overcrowding issue of urban district and undercrowding issue of rural district，the study of regional sociology focusing on regional social structure，group composition and human action has been prosperous in Japan's academic field． Regional sociology tries to cross the boundaries between rural sociology and urban sociology，uses life socialization theory as its basic theoretical premise in urbanization study，focuses on the study of undercrowding issue of rural district，and it studies issues concerning regional life，regional organization and group，regional differences，regional policy and new publicity construction，and establishes the analytical model of“structural analysis”． Through studying overcrowding of urban district and undercrowding of rural district，and viewing urban and rural relationship as the primary issue of the space transition study， regional sociology shows its special concern on the transition from traditional society to modern society． The paper concludes that regional sociology not only expanded the disciplinary boundary of sociology，but also played an important role in its policy application．

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