The Relative Risk Aversion or the Credential Decline Aversion? A Reconsideration of the Generation   Mechanism of  China's Educational Inequality (1978 -2006)

在社会转型期的中国，家庭微观的教育策略是如何影响子女的教育获得的？基于理性选择理论本文将家庭的微观教育策略分为地位下降回避策略和学历下降回避策略，采用CGSS2006数据考察了这两个教育策略对 子女教育获得的影响。研究发现：（1)地位下降回避对子女教育获得的影响 并不大，只有在缋效主义被破坏的初中升高中阶段，这一效果才开始显现。（2）学历下降回避对子女的教育获得具有显著影响，并且这一效果具有相对的稳定性和持续性。（3）父母是否具有高中及以上学历作为学历下降回避 的重要分水岭，对子女教育获得的分化起着关键作用。（4）学历下降回避作 为家庭最重要的教育策略之一，其合理性依赖于中国学历驱动的社会背景、单轨制的学校系统和绩效主义的选拔机制等西素。

During I he social transition period of China, how do the family educational strategies affect children's educational attainment? Based on the rational choice theory, the family educational strategies can be divided into the relative risk aversion strategy (RRA) and the credential decline aversion strategy (CDA). Using the data of CGSS2006, this study explores the effect of these two strategies on the children's educational attainment. This paper finds that: ( 1 ) the strategy of RRA has effect only in the stage as the children undergoes transition from junior school to high school, in which the meritocracy has been violated; (2) the strategy of CDA is robustly and persistently influential on the children's educational attainment; (3) whether parents have the high school education or above is a watershed of CDA, separating children's educational attainment; (4) as one of the most significant family educational strategies in China, the strategy of CDA's plausibility is contingent with the factors such as the social background of credential driving force, the single-track educational system and the meritocracy selection mechanism.

侯利明

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