20世纪早期中国学者的社会调查实践产生了丰富的成果。由于社会调查的开展困难重重，早期学者应成一甚至有“一个不受调查的中国”之提法。基于舶来“技术”与“中国土壤”的互动，本土学者结合切身的田野经验形成并拓展了社会调查的方法想象，还根据遭遇的“困难”对方法进行调适与修正，并发展出契合社会现实的本土策略。早期中国社会学者不仅以行动扩大了社会调查方法的实际内涵，其学术韧性也是新时代建构中国自主社会学知识体系的重要历史资源。

 The social survey of Chinese scholars in the early 20th century has produced rich research outcomes. Due to tough conditions of doing social surveys, an early sociologist Ying Chengyi once proposed "a Chinese society that is not suitable of conducting social surveys". Based on the interactions between the "Western technique" and the "Chinese context", Chinese scholars established and extended the methodological imagination according to their personal experiences of fieldwork. They also adapted and revised research methods based on the encountered " troubles”, and developed local strategies that match the social reality. Early Chinese Sociologists expanded the connotation of social survey methods through actions. Their intellectual resilience is also an important historical resource for the construction of Chinese autonomous sociological knowledge system in the new era.

本文系国家社会科学基金项目“古典社会学理论在早期中国的本土阐释研究”（23BSH166）的阶段性成果。

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