作为农业社会学的经典理论流派，食物体制理论揭示了全球农业和食物体系背后复杂的权力与利益关系。在贸易纠纷、政治斗争和地缘冲突不断的当下，将这一理论应用于中国农业和食物研究意义重大。本文系统梳理了食物体制理论的渊源、内容及演进，讨论将该理论应用于中国研究的可能。食物体制理论有助于认识现代农业体系的构成，对发展中国海外农业体系、探索“大国小农”的农业现代化道路以及完善中国内部粮食体系都具有重要的启发意义。该理论与中国经验的结合呼应了国际食物体制理论的最新研究动向，也是发展扎根本土的中国农业社会学的有益尝试。

As a long-standing theoretical approach in agricultural sociology, the food regime theory reveals the complex power and interest relationships underlying the global agricultural and food systems. In the current context where trade disputes, political struggles and geopolitical conflicts continue, applying this theory to the study of Chinese agriculture and food systems holds significant value. This paper systematically reviews the origins, content, and evolution of food regime theory and discusses the potential of applying this theory to the study of China. The food regime theory contributes to the understanding of the constitution of modern agricultural system, the development of China's overseas agricultural systems, the exploration of the agricultural modernization path of "large country, small holders”, and the refinement of China's domestic food system. Integrating this theory with the realities of China's experiences responses to the latest trends in the research of international food regime theory and represents a meaningful attempt to develop a locally grounded Chinese agricultural sociology.

本文系国家社会科学基金重点项目“小农户生产与农业现代化有机衔接机制研究”（23ASH007）的阶段性成果。

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